空氣凈化工程的7個特點
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- 發(fā)布日期：2017-04-13 17:06:59
眾所周知，工廠選址、總平面設(shè)計、車間布局、設(shè)備選擇以及生產(chǎn)和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的管理等這些“大問題”都是生產(chǎn)企業(yè)保障生產(chǎn)環(huán)境達到潔凈標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，防止污染與交叉污染等要求的重要措施。但是，在空氣凈化工程 http://www.jnjkjh.com/ 的設(shè)計和實施中，有一些細節(jié)也需要下工夫做足文章，否則很可能“千里之堤，潰于蟻穴”，花費巨大財力和精力建成的工程會因為一個風(fēng)管的不合適或者人員的走動而達不到預(yù)期效果，影響產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。
As we all know, the plant location, the total layout design, the layout of the workshop, the choice of equipment and the management of production and product quality are the important measures to ensure the production environment to meet the requirements of clean standards, to prevent pollution and cross contamination. However, in air purification engineering design and implementation, there are some details also need time to do the, or is likely to "thousands of miles of dikes burst in the colony", spend a lot of money and effort to build the project will because a wind pipe of inappropriate or personnel walk and reach the expected effect, affecting the quality of the products.
1 風(fēng)管要求經(jīng)濟與效率并重
1 wind pipe requires both economy and efficiency
在集中或凈化空調(diào)系統(tǒng)中，對風(fēng)管的要求是既經(jīng)濟又能有效地送風(fēng)。前者要求體現(xiàn)在價格低廉，方便施工，運行成本，內(nèi)表面光滑阻力小。后者是指嚴(yán)密性好，不漏氣，不發(fā)塵，不積塵，不污染，可耐火、耐腐蝕、耐潮濕。
In a centralized or purifying air conditioning system, the demand for the wind pipe is both economic and effective. The former is reflected in the low price, convenient construction, operating costs, the inner surface smooth resistance. The latter refers to the strict good, no leakage, no dust, no dust, no pollution, can fire, corrosion resistance, moisture resistance.
在運行中，有時候管件的局部阻力大大高于風(fēng)管的沿程阻力，這種狀況需要改善。管件主要有彎頭、變徑管三通及四通管。彎管的中心曲率半徑應(yīng)大于矩形風(fēng)管的邊長，圓形則采用1.25倍直徑。大斷面風(fēng)管應(yīng)在管內(nèi)加導(dǎo)流片，以減少阻力。而在實際安裝施工中，較少如此處理。對于變徑管，不可突然變徑，宜作成漸擴（縮）管，漸擴管每邊擴展角應(yīng)大于15°，漸縮管則每邊收縮角不大于30°。矩形風(fēng)管的三通要順氣流彎管彎曲分流，支管也應(yīng)有一定的曲率半徑。若要90°角分流，則應(yīng)在彎頭內(nèi)加導(dǎo)流片。
In operation, the local resistance of the pipe is much higher than that of the wind pipe, which needs to be improved. The main pipe elbow, tube and pipe three through four. The center of curvature radius elbow should be greater than the length of the rectangular duct, is 1.25 times of the diameter of circular. A large section of the wind pipe should be added in the tube to reduce the resistance. And in the actual installation construction, less so. For reducing pipe, do not suddenly diameter should be made gradually expand / shrink tube, diffuser on each side of the expansion angle should be greater than 15 degrees, tapered tube every edge contraction angle is less than 30 degrees. Rectangular duct three to same flow pipe bending pipe diversion, should also have a radius of curvature. To 90 degree angle of diversion, should be in the elbow and diversion.
2 空調(diào)凈化需關(guān)注節(jié)能
2 air conditioning purification need to focus on energy saving
空調(diào)凈化是能耗大戶，設(shè)計與施工中需關(guān)注節(jié)能措施。在設(shè)計中，系統(tǒng)及區(qū)域的劃分，送風(fēng)量計算，溫度與相對溫度的確定，潔凈級別與換氣次數(shù)的確定，新風(fēng)比，風(fēng)管保溫，風(fēng)管制作中的咬口形式對漏風(fēng)率的影響，干管支管連接角度對氣流阻力的影響，法蘭連接是否漏風(fēng)等以及空調(diào)箱、風(fēng)機、冷水機組等設(shè)備選擇無一不與能耗有關(guān)，所以，這些細節(jié)必須要考慮到。
Air conditioning purification is a large energy consumption, design and construction of the need to pay attention to energy saving measures. In the design, the system and the regional division, calculation of air quantity, determination of temperature and relative humidity, determination of clean level and frequency of ventilation, fresh air ratio, wind pipe insulation, wind pipe making bite on the influence of air leakage rate, dry pipe branch pipe is connected with angle influence on gas flow resistance, flange connection air leakage and air conditioning box, fan, chillers and other equipment is not related to energy consumption, so these details must to take into account.
3 依據(jù)氣候條件選空調(diào)箱
3 according to the weather conditions, air conditioning box
關(guān)于空調(diào)箱的選擇，應(yīng)考慮所處的氣候環(huán)境。如在冬季氣溫低、空氣含塵量大的北方地區(qū)，則應(yīng)在通用的空調(diào)機組上增設(shè)新風(fēng)預(yù)熱段，采用淋水式空氣處理方式，使其既對空氣洗塵又使其產(chǎn)生熱溫交換達到所要求的溫、濕度。而在氣候濕潤，空氣含塵濃度較低的南方地區(qū)，則冬季也無需對新風(fēng)預(yù)熱，對空氣的過濾及溫、濕度的調(diào)節(jié)則采用初效過濾，表冷面調(diào)節(jié)溫濕度，也可加強溫減濕工序，再經(jīng)中效過濾和終端高效或亞高效過濾?？照{(diào)箱配套風(fēng)機最好采用變頻風(fēng)機，這不僅節(jié)能，還可靈活調(diào)節(jié)風(fēng)量風(fēng)壓。
Regarding the choice of air conditioning, the climate environment should be considered. As in the low winter temperatures, air containing large amount of dust in the northern region of, add fresh air preheating section in the general air conditioning units, using spray type air treatment, making it both on air reception and the generated heat exchange to achieve the required temperature and humidity. And in the humid climate, the air containing dust concentrations were lower in the south of China, winter is no need to preheat the air, the air filter and the temperature and humidity regulation by primary efficiency filter, cold temperature and humidity regulation, also can enhance temperature and humidity reduction process, the medium efficiency filtering and terminal, or sub high efficiency filter. Air conditioning box supporting the best use of frequency conversion fan, which is not only energy saving, but also can adjust the wind pressure.
4 電話和火警設(shè)備不能少
4 telephone and fire equipment can not be less
空氣凈化工程設(shè)置電話，對講電話，可以減少人員在潔凈區(qū)走動，減少發(fā)塵量，也可在萬一發(fā)生火災(zāi)時及時與外部聯(lián)系，也為正常工作聯(lián)系創(chuàng)造條件。此外，還應(yīng)設(shè)置火災(zāi)報警系統(tǒng)，防止火情不易被外部發(fā)現(xiàn)而造成重大經(jīng)濟損失。
Air purification engineering setting up telephone, intercom can reduce staff in a clean area around, reduce dust capacity, in the case of fire timely contact with the outside for normal work to create the conditions. In addition, should also set the fire alarm system, fire prevention is not easy to be found outside and cause significant economic losses.
5 多機冷水機組更靈活
5 multi machine cold water unit is more flexible
冷水機組如果要求較大的制冷量，不宜選用單機，宜采用多機制，電機宜用變頻調(diào)速，以降低起動功率。多機可以靈活使用，不至于出現(xiàn)“大馬拉小車”的浪費能源現(xiàn)象。
Cold water unit if the requirements of a large amount of refrigeration, not suitable for the use of a single machine, should adopt a multi mechanism, the motor is advised to use frequency conversion, to reduce the starting power. Multi machine can be used flexibly, not to appear "big horse pull car" the waste of energy phenomenon.
6 自控裝置保證全程調(diào)節(jié)
6 automatic control device to ensure full adjustment
目前，有的生產(chǎn)廠家采用手動方式進行控制風(fēng)量和風(fēng)壓的調(diào)節(jié)，但由于控制風(fēng)量和風(fēng)壓的調(diào)節(jié)閥均在技術(shù)隔層，而且吊頂也都是彩鋼板的軟吊頂，基本上都是在安裝調(diào)試時調(diào)好，此后，大都沒再調(diào)節(jié)過，實際上也無法調(diào)節(jié)。為確保潔凈廠房的正常生產(chǎn)和工作，應(yīng)設(shè)置一套較完整的自控裝置，實現(xiàn)以下功能：潔凈室空氣潔凈度、溫濕度、壓差監(jiān)控、風(fēng)閥調(diào)節(jié)；高純氣體、純水和循環(huán)冷卻水的溫度、壓力、流量的檢測；氣體純度、純水水質(zhì)的監(jiān)測等。
At present, some manufacturers use manual control regulation of air volume and pressure, but due to the control of air volume and pressure regulating valve were in technical barriers and ceiling are also soft ceiling color steel plate, basically is in the installation and commissioning of a good tune. Since then, most of them didn't regulate the, in fact, can not be adjusted. Set up a set of relatively complete automatic control device, to achieve the following functions: clean room air cleanliness, temperature and humidity, pressure monitoring is poor, adjusting air valve; the detection of high purity gases, pure water and circulating cooling water temperature, pressure, flow; gas purity, water quality monitoring etc., should be to ensure the normal production and work of the clean workshop.
凈化空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的空氣過濾器隨運行時間的增加，阻力增大，為保持風(fēng)量則需調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)中的風(fēng)閥。在統(tǒng)調(diào)試時系統(tǒng)啟動時，為使風(fēng)機空載啟動，則需將風(fēng)機出口處風(fēng)閥關(guān)閉，風(fēng)機啟動后，因風(fēng)閥上承受很壓力，開啟十分困難。采用空氣過濾器前后壓差的變化控制風(fēng)機的變頻調(diào)速裝置后，送風(fēng)量的調(diào)節(jié)會變十分容易，送風(fēng)壓力穩(wěn)定。
Air filter of the air filter of air conditioning system increases with the running time and the resistance increases, and the air valve is required to maintain the air flow. In the system when the system starts to start, to make the wind turbine no-load start, you need to wind turbine outlet valve is closed, the wind turbine is started, due to the pressure on the wind valve, open very difficult. With the change of pressure difference between the air filter and the air filter to control the frequency conversion speed regulation device of the wind turbine, the adjustment of the air quantity is easy to be adjusted, and the air pressure is stable.
這些監(jiān)控裝置可設(shè)計成單個系統(tǒng)的測量，控制系統(tǒng)，也可設(shè)計成集散式計算機控制和管理系統(tǒng)。凈化空調(diào)系統(tǒng)在風(fēng)機停轉(zhuǎn)無風(fēng)或超溫時，電加熱器會繼續(xù)送電加熱，造成設(shè)備損壞甚至發(fā)生火災(zāi)，為避免這種情況的出現(xiàn)，應(yīng)設(shè)置無風(fēng)以及超溫斷電的保護。
The monitoring device can be designed as a single system of measurement, control system, can also be designed into a distributed computer control and management system. Purifying air conditioning system in fan stop turn no wind or over temperature, the electric heater will continue to send electric heating, caused by damage to the device even in the event of a fire, in order to avoid the emergence of this situation should be calm and over temperature shutdown protection settings.
7 空調(diào)機房宜在潔凈室側(cè)面
7 air conditioning room should be in the side of the clean room
空調(diào)機房的位置，其位置宜在潔凈室的側(cè)面，這不但可以節(jié)能，也有利于風(fēng)道的布置，并使氣流組織更加合理，同時，可以節(jié)省工程費用。
The location of the air conditioning room, its position should be in the side of the clean room, which can not only save energy, but also conducive to the layout of the air duct, and the air flow organization is more reasonable, at the same time, can save the cost of the project.
